Science & Technology

Early 1900

By: Mikh | 07/03/2024

Science and Technology in the 1900s: A Turning Point

The early 1900s marked a revolutionary era in science and technology. As the 20th century began, discoveries and inventions laid the foundation for modern life, changing the way people lived, worked, and understood the world.

1. Scientific Breakthroughs

Einstein’s Theory of Relativity (1905)

Albert Einstein introduced the Special Theory of Relativity, changing the world’s understanding of time, space, and energy. His famous equation, E=mc², later played a major role in nuclear science.

Radioactivity and Atomic Structure

Marie Curie’s research on radioactivity, alongside her husband Pierre, earned her two Nobel Prizes. Ernest Rutherford's work on atomic structure also began to change the field of physics and chemistry forever.

Genetics and Biology

Gregor Mendel’s earlier work on heredity was rediscovered around 1900, leading to the birth of modern genetics. This helped scientists understand how traits are passed from parents to offspring.

2. Technological Advancements

Electricity and Communication

By 1900, electricity was beginning to power homes and cities. The telephone, developed by Alexander Graham Bell, and the radio, which Guglielmo Marconi helped popularize, transformed communication.

Transportation Innovations

Automobiles: Henry Ford founded the Ford Motor Company in 1903. Though the assembly line came later, this decade saw cars becoming more common.

Flight: The Wright brothers achieved the first powered flight in 1903, opening the door to modern aviation.

Medical Progress

The germ theory of disease was widely accepted, leading to better sanitation and the use of antiseptics in surgery. Vaccines and public health initiatives began reducing infectious diseases.

3. Industrial and Social Impact

Scientific discoveries and inventions were not just limited to laboratories. They led to:

Faster industrial production

Improved communication

Better healthcare

Urbanization and rising standards of living

Conclusion: The 1900s were a defining moment in the history of science and technology. This decade sparked transformations that would shape the rest of the 20th century, making it one of the most important periods of innovation and discovery in human history.

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